I frequently have to install golang programs on my raspberries, so here are instructions so I can stop searching how to do that each time. ;)

• Get the link of the latest version here: https://golang.org/dl/. There, download from the ARMv6 Arch link e.g. with wget.
• Extract the package.
• Move the extracted directory to /usr/local
• Edit ~/.profile, adding the following:

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin:$HOME/go/bin
GOPATH=$HOME/go

• Then, source ~/.profile.
• Verify it worked: go version reference: https://www.jeremymorgan.com/tutorials/raspberry-pi/install-go-raspberry-pi/